Research identifies impact of teenage screen use

An NIHR study of more than 800 adolescent girls between the ages of 11 and 14 identified worrying trends between screen use and lower physical activity -- including higher BMI -- as well as less sleep.

The use of concurrent screens (termed 'screen stacking') grew over the course of the week -- with 59% of adolescents using two or more screens after school, 65% in the evenings, and 68% at weekends.

Some teens reporting using as many as four screens at one time.

But further analysis showed the use of any screen was still detrimental to the indicators of health and wellbeing. More than 90% owned or had access to a smart phone and using this after school had a knock on effect on their sleep.

Researchers from the Leicester Diabetes Centre at the University measured physical activity and sleep using accelerometers worn on participants' wrists, while those involved in the study self-reported the number of screens they were using at the same time -- such as scrolling on a mobile phone while also watching TV -- as well as perceptions of self-esteem and physical self-worth.

Dr Deirdre Harrington, Lecturer in Physical Activity for Health led the study during her time at Leicester and now works in the School of Psychological Sciences and Health at the University of Strathclyde. She said:

"Intuitively, we believe there must be negative effects on teenagers of using too many screens at the same time. Our data show it isn't as simple as that.

"This research was done before the COVID-19 lockdown, where much more of our day is spent in front of a screen. More than ever the effects of this on adolescents need to be known -- there are positives too, no doubt.

"These adolescents wore an accelerometer 24 hours a day for a week allowing us to capture their daily routines and even estimate their sleep. Uniquely, they also reported how many screens they used at the same time which is not well known."

Melanie Davies, Professor of Diabetes Medicine at the University of Leicester and Co-Director of the Leicester Diabetes Centre based at Leicester General Hospital, said:

"Sadly, this study reminds us that we are in danger of creating a new generation of sedentary children. Increased sedentary time is closely linked to type 2 diabetes, which is increasing in younger age groups.

"The number of young people with type 2 diabetes has gone up by 50% in just five years."

The study was supported by the National Institute for Public Health Research programme as well as the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, and the NIHR Applied Research and Care (ARC) East Midlands.