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'Lab on a chip': Faster COVID-19 antibody test

Better tool, methodology could mean better convalescent plasma

Date:
October 22, 2020
Source:
Hackensack Meridian Health
Summary:
A new portable 'lab on a chip' can identify the presence of COVID-19 antibodies in blood donors with greater speed and efficiency than the current standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technology.
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A more efficient and much faster method to assess high levels of neutralizing antibodies to COVID-19 could point the way to better understanding and treatment of the disease, according to new published findings by scientists from the Hackensack Meridian Center for Discovery and Innovation (CDI) and the University of Michigan (U-M).

A new portable "lab on a chip," developed by the U-M scientists and demonstrated with help of the CDI, can identify the presence of COVID-19 antibodies in blood donors with greater speed and efficiency than the current standard "enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay" or ELISA technology.

Together, the CDI and U-M researchers have shown the device can identify COVID-19 antibodies in human blood in 15 minutes -- much shorter than the few days the process normally takes. The test can also be done with smaller amounts of blood.

The work could have particular value for the validation of convalescent plasma as a treatment for COVID-19. A paper on the findings is published in Biosensors and Bioelectronics.

"Convalescent plasma is a treatment that can be very effective -- but for it to have the best chance to work, it needs to have rigorous standards, which include assessing the presence of high-titer neutralizing antibodies," said David Perlin, Ph.D., chief scientific officer and senior vice president of the Hackensack Meridian Center for Discovery and Innovation, and one of the new study's authors. "This paper shows how the antibody thresholds can mean a better potential COVID-19 treatment -- and also better outcomes."

"This research shows what an important role microfluidics can play in both saving lives and costs during the COVID-19 pandemic," said Xudong (Sherman) Fan, U-M biomedical engineering professor and co-founder of Optofluidic Bioassay.

The U-M device detects the presence and amount of neutralizing immunoglobulin -- antibodies created by the immune system within seven to 10 days of a COVID-19 infection. Only donors with high levels are likely to provide samples that could be effective in treatment, such as convalescent plasma therapy.

The treatment involves taking plasma -- the liquid portion of the blood that contains antibodies -- from survivors and infusing it into sick patients to boost their immune response.

Thousands of patients nationally have been administered convalescent plasma through a program overseen by the Mayo Clinic. Hackensack University Medical Center also has its own clinical trial underway involving high-titer (levels) of antibodies.

The lab-on-a-chip approach developed by U-M analyzes on-site and requires just a finger prick's worth of blood -- 8 microliters. The traditional ELISA methods require 100 microliters to do its work. The U-M system is contained in a device the size of a portable 3D printer.


Story Source:

Materials provided by Hackensack Meridian Health. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.


Journal Reference:

  1. Xiaotian Tan, Mila Krel, Enriko Dolgov, Steven Park, Xuzhou Li, Weishu Wu, Yun-Lu Sun, Jie Zhang, Maung Kyaw Khaing Oo, David S. Perlin, Xudong Fan. Rapid and quantitative detection of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG for convalescent serum evaluation. Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 2020; 169: 112572 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112572

Cite This Page:

Hackensack Meridian Health. "'Lab on a chip': Faster COVID-19 antibody test." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 22 October 2020. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/10/201022112616.htm>.
Hackensack Meridian Health. (2020, October 22). 'Lab on a chip': Faster COVID-19 antibody test. ScienceDaily. Retrieved December 21, 2024 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/10/201022112616.htm
Hackensack Meridian Health. "'Lab on a chip': Faster COVID-19 antibody test." ScienceDaily. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/10/201022112616.htm (accessed December 21, 2024).

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