New test can ID patients at risk of severe COVID-19, study finds

The approach proved more than 90% accurate at predicting outcomes among more than two dozen patients in the intensive care unit at UVA and 100 patients from publicly available data generated at Duke and Harvard. The test, called CovGENE, analyzes genes expressed in a person's blood to determine whether they may experience a severe disease course with increased risk of death.

"We have come far in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 in the past two years. Regardless, we still struggle to identify patients at highest risk for severe disease. Our study uses a gene-analysis approach to identify an immune cell signature, distinct from other respiratory illnesses, that correlates with worse outcomes," said researcher Alexandra Kadl, MD, of UVA Health's Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine. "This knowledge has the potential to help evaluate patients' immune profile with commonly, readily available assays to identify patients at risk for bad outcomes who would benefit from closer monitoring and advanced therapies to aid their recovery."

Predicting COVID-19 Severity

Based on the promising results of the UVA research, CovGENE's developer, AMPEL Biosolutions, is seeking to partner with a diagnostic testing company or pharmaceutical company to bring the approach to market as a simple PCR-based blood test.

"This unique collaboration with our colleagues from the University of Virginia has provided an easy and novel means to assess an individual patient's response to the SARS-CoV-2 virus and predict the clinical outcome," said Peter Lipsky, MD, AMPEL's CEO, chief medical officer and co-founder. "Now that this unique approach has been validated, we look forward to its rapid development as a precision-medicine tool that can improve the outcome of patients with COVID-19 and reduce the number of hospitalizations, especially the most vulnerable."

AMPEL Biosolutions aims to use genomic data to improve healthcare for patients. The company develops gene expression tests for blood or tissue samples to assist doctors in clinical decision-making.

Company co-founder Amrie Grammer, PhD, is an alumna of UVA, having received both her bachelor's and master's degree there.

Findings Published

The researchers have published their findings in the journal Frontiers in Immunology. The team consisted of Andrea R. Daamen, Prathyusha Bachali, Catherine A. Bonham, Lindsay Somerville, Jeffrey M. Sturek, Amrie Grammer, Alexandra Kadl and Peter Lipsky. Daamen, Bachali, Grammer and Lipsky are employed by AMPEL BioSolutions.

The work was supported by the National Institutes of Health's National Heart Lung Blood Institute, grant K23 HL143135; the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, grant 1R21AI160334; the COVID-19 Rapid Response Initiative by UVA's Global Infectious Disease Institute; and The RILITE Foundation.