Weekday of surgery affects oesophageal cancer surgery prognosis

"The mechanism behind our results is still unknown," says Jesper Lagergren, consultant and professor of surgery at Karolinska Institutet and King's College London. "But it's possible that surgical precision to some extent declines towards the end of the week, due perhaps to the accumulated burden on the surgeon and his or her team."

Esophageal cancer surgery is time-consuming and exacting (taking on average six and a half hours), and it is a recognised fact that the experience of the surgeon has a substantial impact on the patient's chance of survival. In the present study, the researchers examined a total of 1,748 patients operated on for esophageal cancer in Sweden between 1987 and 2010, and found that five-year mortality was 13 per cent higher for patients who had undergone surgery on a Wednesday to a Friday than for those who had been operated on during a Monday or Tuesday; this after controlling for age, other diseases, stage and type of tumour (histology), pre-treatment with cytostatics and radiotherapy, and the surgeon's experience of esophageal cancer surgery.

The link between weekday of surgery and survival was strongest for early-stage tumours (0-I), moderate for medium-stage tumours (II) and non-existent for advanced-stage tumours (III-IV). The lack of effect for advanced tumours can be due to the generally low likelihood of being cured; the chances of surviving up to five years after the operation are about 10 per cent. With early-stage tumours, it is more the surgery that determines the outcome.

"More studies are needed to confirm these results, before anyone goes and issues clinical recommendations," says Professor Lagergren. "But if these results end up being corroborated by future research, esophageal cancer surgery should be planned to take place primarily at the beginning of the week."