Increased knowledge of HPV vaccines does not predict higher rate of vaccination

A year-long study of over 360 adolescents who were considered to be ideal candidates to receive the HPV vaccine showed that neither increased parental or adolescent knowledge about HPV or the vaccine resulted in higher rates of vaccination. That is, those with higher levels of knowledge were not more likely to obtain vaccination for themselves or their daughters.

The study, reported in the journal Pediatrics, raises questions about traditional dogma related to using public service announcements and other educational efforts to increase knowledge about the vaccination.

Researchers Jessica Fishman, PhD; Lynne Taylor, PhD, Patricia Kooker, MS, and Ian Frank, MD from the University of Pennsylvania's Annenberg School for Communication and the Perelman School of Medicine, surveyed a group of adolescents and parents of adolescents who participated in surveys administered by the researchers to determine their knowledge of HPV and the HPV vaccine. The study was funded in part by the Center of Excellence in Cancer Communication Research (CECCR) at the Annenberg School for Communication.

In addition to surveying participants, the researchers tracked whether vaccinations were received, via an analysis of clinical records kept through Philadelphia's Kids Immunizations Database/Tracking System (KIDS).

The results of the surveys showed that only about 14 percent of the adolescents were ultimately vaccinated.

"Knowledge was neither necessary nor sufficient. Although knowledge is often assumed to be key to increasing vaccination rates, it may be unwise to place so much promise on knowledge," said Fishman, the study's lead author. Providers who reduce missed opportunities to offer vaccination, along with convenient and affordable vaccination may be very important. While the vaccination is shown to be effective, uptake remains very low in this high-risk population."

The researchers stress that future tests should include additional populations. They also suggest that future studies should examine which modifiable factors predict those who vaccinate, so that interventions can target those factors.