Diet High In Saturated Fat Contributes To Prostate Cancer Treatment Failure, Study Suggests

A cohort of 390 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy at MD Anderson Cancer Center had a semi-quantitative validated Block food frequency questionnaire modified to their regional diets and completed for the year prior to the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Body mass index (BMI) was also calculated. Clinical and pathological data were abstracted from medical records. Categorical and continual variables were analyzed.

Men who consumed high saturated fat diets (HSF) were younger and had higher BMIs at diagnosis than men with who consumed low saturated fat diets (LSF). There were no statistically significant differences in clinico-pathologic characteristics, family history of prostate cancer, education, history of diabetes or physical activity between the 2 groups. Men on HSF diets also consumed more total calories that men on LSF diets. Saturated fats were most commonly consumed as beef steaks, cheese and cheese spreads, hamburgers and cheeseburgers, eggs, ice cream and salad dressings.

During the mean 97 month follow-up period, 20% of patients with organ-confined prostate cancer experienced a PSA failure. Patients on a HSF diets were significantly more likely to have a PSA failure and had significantly shorter PSA-failure free survival than men on a LSF diet (26.6 vs. 44.7 months, respectively). At 5 years post radical prostatectomy, 65% of patients who consumed HSF diets had no evidence of prostate cancer compared to 80% of men who ate a LSF diet.

Men who were both obese and ate a HSF diets had the shortest biochemical failure-free survival (19 months) and non-obese men on a LSF diet had the longest (46 months). The data from the model were not altered by the inclusion of amount of physical activity performed by the subjects.